Mangement plan contents
Introduction
2002 Update of plan
Commentary to Karekare Management Plan Update 2002
Foundation Management Plan 1988 (below)

1.    INTRODUCTION

1.1.           Background

In 1988 the Waitemata City Council suggested to the Karekare Residents and Ratepayers Trust that the community make a study of the Karekare area and present a planning document for its future management. A similar project was then already under way at Piha. It was stressed by Council that the management plan should be, as far as possible, representative of the total community and thus should be independent of the Residents and Ratepayers Trust whose members, of course, do not include all who have an interest in the area.

The proposal was taken up and this is the report of those who took part and contributed either in discussions at meetings or by written submissions.

1.2.           Objectives

Initially the main objective was to express community interests and provide guidance to Council in its planning for the area and for allocating works and finance. Very early it became clear that community interests are wider than that objective would seem to indicate. The major response received from people has been an expression of concern for conservation of the special character of the Karekare environment, its natural landscape qualities and the existing limited development. It is against this background that questions such as land use, change, or future development has been set. In addition this environmental concern has led to the need to include the Auckland Centennial Memorial Park land within the area, along the privately owned land.

The KK R & R Trust supports in principle the Eco-City concept and the adoption of relevant aspects of Agenda 21. As the Waitakere City Council develops these initiatives the Karekare community wishes to have input into policy decisions affecting the catchment.

Agenda 21 has not been widely addressed by the Karekare community in the current revision of the Management Plan. The community does however, focus its plan on issues of environmental quality central to Agenda 21. A concern of Agenda 21 relevant to the lifestyles of many Karekare residents not directly addressed here is that of energy consumption by commuters. The community may consult on this at a latter date with Council.

The city of Waitemata Waitakere Coastal Area Study or 1976 has as its stated ‘objective’:-

“To recognise the importance and dominance of natural landscape area by controlling prohibiting any uses or development which might compete conflict with these features, doing so, to give effect provisions #2.B  Town Country Planning Act.”

While this objective relates to the total Waitakere Ranges Coast, it is appropriate to recognise its general interest as applicable to Karekare. The purpose of this present study is, therefore, expressed as follows:­

   1.2.1   Objective

To provide management planning and guidance for the Karekare area within an overall objective of conservation of the natural landscape.

1.3.           Formation of the Plan

1.2.1   Participation

Public participation was invited from all residents and ratepayers, and also from others interested. An initial letter of December 1 988 was followed by another in February 1 989 giving notification of a public meeting on 1 2 March 1 989. Approximately 40 people attended the meeting, and there was also a number of written responses. the meeting nominated a programme of six workshop meetings, the first on 31 March and the last on 9 June 1 989. Discussion topics were set as a general guide for each workshop.

1.3.2   Planning Area

This was considered to be the watershed area draining to the Karekare Coast. As such it includes all private land which is accessed from Karekare Road and Lone Kauri Road including that on Watchmans Road, La Trobe Track and Waitakere Lane. It also takes in those properties on the watershed side of the Piha Road. A substantial part of the area is made up of Auckland Centennial Memorial Park land. There are also a number of small Waitemata City reserves.

1.3.3   Time Scale

No fixed time scale was set for the plan which is seen as being ongoing

and subject to revision in the future as need arises.

1.3.5   Revision

There are no formal procedures for revision of the plan. It will be for community groups to initiate with Council any proposals for change or revision at such times as this seems needed.

2.    PUBLIC AUTHORITY POLICIES & CONTROLS

2.1.           Waitemata City

The Karekare area is in Waitakere City and is subject to the policies and controls of the present District Scheme. In genera, the community endorses the provisions of the Scheme as they apply to conservation, development and management of the area.

In 1976, the then Waitemata City produced a study entitled ‘Waitakere Coastal Area’ in which a number of alternative policies were considered. Of these a policy ‘Conservation with Differential but Limited Development’ was recommended. The aims of this policy were conservation of the major coastal landscape features and assisting return of undeveloped areas to native state, but allowing limited further development of residentially zoned land related to the character and capacity of the locality.

The District Scheme reflects these aims in the zonings applied to Karekare. These zones and their stated objectives are:

­Landscape Protection 2 Zone: The objective of this zone is to protect the dominance of the environment and encourage the regeneration of the bush in areas of high landscape value while allowing limited residential development.

Non-Urban Residential 2 Zone: the objective of this zone is to recognise and provide for needs of small coastal communities but to control uses and development so that the natural character of the coastline remains.

The wording of these objectives is important and the consequent uses and conditions defined are appropriate to Karekare.

2.2.           Auckland Regional Council

The Auckland Regional Authority’s ‘Waitakere Ranges Regional Parkland Management Plan’ 1985 applies to the park areas at Karekare, but as the parkland lies within the Waitakere City its use and development is also subject to the planning controls of the District Scheme. Among the objectives for management of the ranges are:­

a) To manage in accordance with the scenic park requirements of the Auckland Centennial Memorial Park Act 1941.

b) Preserve areas and sites of historic and archaeological interest.

c) Preserve and enhance the landscape.

d) Assist appropriate recreational and educational use.

e) Give priority to recreational uses based on the natural resources and not detracting from natural features and character.

f) Cater for tourists provided that it does not detract from the natural features and character.

(selected and abbreviated from 15 objectives)

In section 2.5 or the above Management Plan it is commented that Piha and Karekare have been considered as one unit but that Piha is more ‘suburban’, and it is intended by the Authority that the relatively undeveloped character of Karekare be retained.

Section 2.5.2 plans that “a minor reception area will be established at Karekare in the area know as Pohutakawa Glade” and also that a park entry point will be developed at the corner of Piha/Lone Kauri Roads (picnic area, parking, lookout and toilet).

the ARA Management Plan does not propose further developments at Karekare other than some minor track proposals. Review of the plan is due in 1 990. Plan charges are subject to advertising for public submissions before being adopted. At present the Karekare community does not have any proposal for change to the ARA Management Plan, but this could be a matter for review later.

2.3.           Coastal Accretion Land

It is of interest to the community that the coastline from Cowan Point to Whatipu is part of the Whatipu Wilderness Area, to be retained in its existing state where visitors can experience solitude and remoteness and where development will be the minimum necessary. There are some doubts about the jurisdiction of extensive sand accretion area of this coastline and the developing wetlands. The accretion is continuing rapidly and extending into Karekare. The Waitemata District Scheme does not provide planning controls over the new areas. At present the Auckland Regional Authority acts as a de facto administering body, but it is desirable that some form of reserve status be established to ensure protection of the area.

2.3.1   Recommendation

That the City initiates action towards establishment of reserve status for marine accretion land on the Karekare/Whatipu coastline.

3.    PLANNING VALUES

3.1.           Environment

The dominant values expressed by the community were the natural environment and its wilderness character, together with the quality of residential life in this environment, these values were made very clear in the workshop discussions and in written submissions.

The values of the coast and parkland to the total Auckland region for recreation and study are recognised also as the need for provision of access and facilities essential for the appropriate use and enjoyment of the area. the environment, however, is fragile and can readily be damaged or destroyed by such factors as over use, excessive or unsuitable development, inappropriate activities and failure to control animals and introduced plants.

Karekare is what it is now as a result of the processes of change by natural causes and by human occupation. Such changes will continue, but there needs to be the protection and assistance that will ensure that the landscape is as far as possible, the product of natural forces and indigenous vegetation and wildlife, together with the controls on the developed area that will keep residential occupation at a low density and compatible with the environment. Conservation must recognise the forces of change rather than attempt simply to preserve the status quo. A threat to the environmental values will come from the increasing visitor loading and demand for recreational facilities as the population of Auckland grows. Along with those pressures there could also be some residents or property owners seeking development or services which might provide individual benefit but be detrimental in the wider context of the environment. Care and conservative attitudes will be needed to balance demands against environmental consequences. The cumulative effects of individual small and seemingly benign actions can resulting irreversible major loss in the long run. To protect its values the community will need to be vigilant and work with planning authorities when changes or developments are being considered. It is essential that the City and Regional Council consults with the Karekare Community when planning any significant developments.

3.1.1   Recommendation

That all planning for the Karekare area has as its base the protection, conservation and enhancement of the natural environment.

3.1.2   Recommendation

That the City and Regional Council consult with the community when planning any significant development in the area.

3.2.           Historical

Historical remnants from early Maori and European occupation still remain, but are disappearing as a result of natural weathering and erosion and human impact. There is, however sufficient documentation of the past to describe and interesting and colourful history that can help understanding and appreciation of Karekare as it is now. Landscape features that were the setting for events of the past have a value that deserves their protection from wanton change or damage, as do also the remnants of activity.

Unlike more developed areas there is still something of the air of earlier days in the character of the area, enhanced by the bush clad winding road entrances which add an illusion of remoteness for both visitors and residents. This offers a special experience rarely found so close to a major city. The scattering of houses and the memories of the past evoked by features which as Kaka Pa (Watchman) and the large rock shelter cave result in an atmosphere

3.3.           Community

For many residents there is a desire to live in a small community where there is both self reliance and sharing of common interests. The Lone Kauri School, Fire Party, involvement with the Surf Lifesaving Club and the activities of the Residents and Ratepayers Trust are evidence of their success of such community lifestyle. Parents see their children grow up in an environment that gives added breadth to their development.

3.4.           Remoteness

In contrast to those who seek community ties others place value on the relative remoteness and isolation. they appreciate such things as privacy and peace and quiet in natural surroundings. Travelling and lack of urban services are a price they accept for that particular quality of lifestyle. The landscape and the minimal development of private land at Karekare provide space for both isolation and community and have common value to both groups.

3.5.           Development Restraint

For Karekare to continue to offer the conditions that fulfil the values identified by the community, the following factors are fundamental:­

a)                Low population density.

b)                No commercial development.

c)                No recreational development that detracts from the natural environment.

d)                Community of values to residents and visitors.

These factors are discussed later in this report.

4.    HISTORICAL SITES AND ITEMS

4.1.           District Scheme

Historic items registered in the Waitemata District Scheme are:­

Stone-walled Surf Club gear shed
Winchelsea House
The Barracks (now Butler residence)
Kaka Pa (Watchman)
Rock Shelter Cave
Karekare Mill
Stringer Dams in Karekare and Company Streams

4.2.           Pre-European Maori Sites

4.2.1   Kaka Pa (Watchman)

This is reached by a rough track up the eastern ridge. Little evidence of Maori occupation remains because of trampling and erosion of the sandy soil. There is, however, some terracing and shell midden. Occupied by the Te Kawerau a Maki tribe in pre-european times, Kaka Pa was taken by a Ngapuhi raid in 1826 and virtually all occupants were killed.

4.2.2   Rock Shelter

The large cave above lower Lone Kauri Road, used as a shelter by the Te Kawerau a Maki, was also attacked by the Ngapuhi who set fire to the palisade and burnt the occupants. Apart from midden nothing remains of Maori use.

4.2.3   Other Pa Sites

Some vague terracing and midden marks a small Pa site on the headland above Karekare falls. At Te Ahua Point there is terracing and evidence of kumara pits.

4.2.4   Comments

The sites described are on parkland, as also are a number of other areas of midden, terracing and rock shelters. No burial ground is identified but human bones were removed from various places in the 1 9th Century. Rough tracks give access to Kaka Pa and the large rock shelter, and there is the walking track to Te Ahua Point Pa. None of the sites, however, are marked and no action to erect signs or improve access should be taken without consultation with Maori interests and the community.

4.2.5   Recommendation

No action be taken to identify Maori occupation sites or improve access to them without consultation with Maori interests and the community.

4.3.           Remnant of Early European Occupation on Public Land

4.3.1   Piha Tramway

Apart from the tunnel most remnants are disappearing and preservation is not practical. The buried locomotive on the beach is now under several metres of sand due to the continued build up of the dunes. The iron spikes in the rock benching at the south end of the beach are corroding and the wooden sleepers have now gone.

The rail iron trestle supports by the stream have more substance so that corrosion will be slower. The present footpath down the valley road is partly on what is left of the tramway benching there.

4.3.2   Surf Club Gear Shed

Some reconstruction and strengthening work was done by the Club in recent years, but the building is now under threat of partial or complete burial by the growing sand dunes.

4.3.3   Fluming

Built late last century and taking water from above Karekare Falls at different times to power the flax mill, woodturning and the boarding house generator, little now remains of the wooden fluming. Access to it is difficult.

4.3.4   Fig Trees

The fig trees in Pohutukawa Glade were cuttings from the Bay of Islands Mission House fig planted by John Bethell late last century. The trees have been neglected but are worthy of clearing, pruning and other care.

4.3.5   Sailors Graves

The graves of two sailors from the wreck of the Union in 1 860 are at the north end of the beach but were buried in a landslip and are not identified.

4.4.           Items of Interest

4.4.1   Karekau Mill

The site is still marked by part of the boom wall built to pond the water at the bottom of Karekare waterfall, and also by a large concrete engine base. The cottage, although moved to its present position, has pit sawn timber floors.

4.4.2   Winchelsea House

(Originally Murdoch Family Home) Restoration work has recently been done on the remaining part of the building by the current owners.

4.4.3   Norfolk Pine

The large norfolk pine in the valley marks the grave of one of the Murdoch's children, a daughter drowned in the stream late last century.

4.4.4   First Guest Home

This was at the northern end of the Valley and the site is marked by a large microfarad tree.

4.5 Preservation

At present the community has no recommendation regarding protection or historic items beyond the provisions of the district Scheme, or for the creation of signs or other identification. These are matters, however, that the community may wish to consider further in the future. Protection of the two large pohutakawa trees that straddle the road near the parking area also needs consideration.

5.    ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION

5.1.           Auckland Area Sewerage Scheme

There is a total objection to Karekare being considered as a possible outfall location for Auckland sewage disposal. This objection extends to other sites on the Waitakere coast, Piha and Pararaha. The coast is a unique environmental and recreational asset to the Auckland region and it must not be damaged or despoiled by either the works required or the inevitable pollution effects that will result if a pipeline and off-shore outfall is constructed. It is clear from the ARA Sewerage Study that even with the outfall several kilometres out from the beach there will be times when wind and water combine to bring effluent in the frequency, extent and potency of this are largely unpredictable.

Quite apart from the pollution aspect the major tunnelling works needed to bring the pipeline to Karekare and thence to about 6km Out to sea would destroy the area in the short term and be largely irreparable for the future. Even just one question, that of disposal of the enormous quantity of tunnelling spoil has no satisfactory solution. Any site for the tunnel portals, and the formation of working areas and access roadways for the heavy machinery and trucking required would result in massive unacceptable environmental destruction.

The environmental consequences combined with the instability of the shore and sea bed must mean that Waitakere coastline is not an option for a sewerage outfall.

5.1.1   Recommendation

That Waitakere City opposes all consideration of the Waitakere Ranges coastline as outfall site for the Auckland Area Sewerage Scheme.

5.2.           Water Pollution

The three main streams, Karekare, Company and Opal Pools, are all subject to run-off or seepage from residential properties in addition to that from undeveloped areas. It is inevitable that the water will contain organic pollutant such that even in the best conditions it should not be classified as potable. Where residents or others drink such water without treatment they do so at their own risk. Lack of evidence of resulting illness however suggests that the risk has been low, at least up until now. Testing programmes by Waitakere City Council have indicated that apart from several periods in the past two summers, the stream waters have usually been within safe swimming standards at the time of testing, however there is no comprehensive picture of the water standards.

As residential population has grown in recent years there has been increasing concern about possible stream pollution by septic tank effluent and to a lesser extent, by contamination from chemicals used on the Lone Kauri farmlands. The end result at the beach lagoon which is a favourite play area for children is not fully identified, but the water quality must be suspect, particularly at the height of the summer season when residential occupation is at its peak and water flow is low.

One of the several reasons for not permitting subdivision beyond that now allowed under the District Scheme, is that of avoidance of increased risk of water pollution of septic tank installation serving a larger population. Already the small lots of the existing subdivision down Lone Kauri Road are a concern as many of these lots remain yet to be built on. The clay soil and the proximity of Opal Pools Stream suggest a high pollution risk, where possible two or more lots should be combined into single residential ownership to give more space for septic tank effluent soakage. Rating relief should be provided as an incentive for owners to do this.

5.2.1   Monitoring of Water Quality

A programme of monitoring of the water quality of the steams at different places over a period of time is needed to determine whether or not a problem of pollution exists. To this end a community project is planned in which water samples will be taken and submitted to the City Council for testing. These tests could extend over about a year so that base lines can be established and the levels of human sourced pollution can be deduced under the different seasonal conditions. Tests are for density of coliform bacteria as the recognised water standard indicator, but it should be understood that testing for such things as agricultural chemicals is not economically feasible.

Should significant pollution be found then a survey of septic tanks will be made to identify causes and propose remedies. Continued monitoring in future years will be desirable.

5.2.2   Recommendation

That the City Council assists with testing of water samples and the provision of data and advice.

5.2.3   Recommendation

That the City Council considers rating relief for amalgamation of titles of small residential lots for the purpose of improving septic tank effluent disposal.

5.2.4   Recommendation

That farmland property owners exercise caution and restraint in use of agricultural chemicals.

5.3.           Auckland Centennial Memorial Park

5.3.1   Park Management

Present park management policies state the intention that the relatively undeveloped character of Karekare be retained. The future, however, could see increasing public use bringing pressures for more facilities. It will be important to recognise that some sort of controls will be needed to avoid over-use and consequent environmental damage. It is the opinion of the community that the Pohutukawa Glade, the sand dunes and the land on the north side of the stream should all be kept as recreational and natural areas with foot access only, other than essential access for park and surf club service vehicles. The grassed entry to the Glade is a much favoured picnic area, as also is the stream bank at the main parking area. It is important that private vehicles are kept out of these places. The only type of development that is appropriate is the possible provision of some walking tracks and picnic areas, particularly if the dune areas continue to stabilise with vegetation. It may also become desirable to provide improved toilet facilities, although there is not evidence of any toilet problem at present.

5.3.2   Carparking

Pressures could arise for more carparking. Limitations of parking space are, however, an effective indirect form of control on the loading on the park areas. More parking will simply bring more people at peak times and more congestion and environmental damage. To develop parking in the Glade or beach areas

would be visually objectional as well as destructive to the special wilderness character. Any proposal for such parking should be resisted.

Parking at the Surf Lifesaving Club is a matter for the Club to control. Access has long been via the stream bed and continues to be practical. Should changes to the stream and lagoon create access problems for the club any proposals to develop an alternative should be a matter of consultation between the Club, Auckland Regional Authority and the community.

5.3.3   Recommendation

That there be no vehicle access, parking or other unsuitable development in the Pohutakawa Glade or Karekare beach access.

5.3.4   Planting in Park Areas

In the Pohutakawa Glade and its associated area, and also in some other parts of the Park around Karekare, exotic grasses and weeds almost completely prevent the natural generation of native trees and shrubs. Planting of appropriate native trees and shrubs is therefore needed, most urgently in the Glade areas. The community offers assistance in planting and maintaining the trees until they are established.

5.3.5   Recommendation

That planting of appropriate native trees and shrubs be undertaken in areas where natural generation is inhibited by exotic grasses and other weeds.

5.4.           National Heritage Area

In April 1 989 the Maruia Society issued a news release proposing a new legal concept for protection of landscapes and coastlines in areas such as the Waitakere Ranges. This could be along the lines of English national parks, and the suggested name would be National Heritage Area. The proposal would embrace private land on terms agreed with the land owners on a voluntary basis and with financial incentive for participation. The community views the idea as being very appropriate for Karekare and one which would offer greater protection for the area than exists now, with the District Scheme and the rating relief offered for special conservation measures in the Landscape Protection zonings.

The proposal is supported in principle, and discussion and development of the idea will be welcomed.

5.4.1   Recommendation

That further information be obtained on development of the Maruia Society concept of National Heritage Areas for protection of areas such as the Waitakere Ranges.

5.5.           Coastal Changes

Significant change is occurring to Karekare Beach due to rapid build-up or sand, particularly in recent years. This is, of course, an extension of the major accretion that has taken place from Whatipu Northwards. The source of the accretion material may be related to the Waikato River discharge ad the erosion of cliffs south of Manukau Heads. Whatever the cause, the process is at present rapid and shows no signs of stabilising or reversing. Evidence from the past shows not sign of stabilising or reversing. Evidence form the past shows there no sign of stabilising or reversing. Evidence from the past shows there has been previous similar accretion which as subsequently eroded away, so it must be assumed that such instability is characteristic of the Waitakere Coast. The situation is made even more unpredictable by the possible rise in sea level as a result of the ‘greenhouse’ effect.

The immediate condition is growth of the dune areas and a rise of the stream lagoon level. No only are the dunes becoming stabilised by growth of vegetation, but they have also

blocked off outlet for water run-off from the hills behind Pohutukawa Glade so that flooding occurs in periods of prolonged rain. It seems that in time wetland areas could develop. Such changes cannot be resisted or controlled, they will take their own course and may radically alter the local environment. Whatever the natural changes, they will, develop their own special character and delights and need not be a matter for concern.

The point here is that the general instability of the beach area is another reason why no significant development should be attempted. Roadways, parking areas or sophisticated recreational facilities are not only environmentally inappropriate, they would also be at risk from the natural changes.

5.5.1   Recommendation

That the long term instability of the beach and Pohutukawa Glade areas be taken into account when considering any development works.

5.6.           Trees and Planting

The District Scheme has provisions limiting the clearing of native trees and bush in the zonings at present applied to Karekare. Quite a lot of land however is already cleared to a greater extent than is nominated in the Scheme, and there is a need to encourage tree planting to enhance the landscape and reinforce the character of the area. In time such planting will also provide more shelter for residences and for stock where land is farmed. A small booklet has been proposed and its purpose in part is to assist landowners in the choice of appropriate native species and how such planting can be done. It is hoped that owners will recognise that exotic trees are not in character with the locality and should not be planted where they will be prominent in the landscape. The use of native species for trees and shrubs is particularly desirable where they are close to public roadways. This is not to suggest that exotic flowering shrubs, fruit trees, etc, should not be planted elsewhere. A point to be watched is that planting does not include aggressive species which by seeding or rooting may cause infestation.

In the Pohutakawa Glade and its associated area, and also in some other parts of the Park around Karekare, exotic grasses and weeds almost completely prevent the natural generation of native trees and shrubs. Planting of appropriate native trees and shrubs is therefore needed, most urgently in the Glade areas. The community offers assistance in planting and maintaining the trees until they are established.

Tree planting is desirable on some road verge and reserve areas and could be done by Council assisted community effort. Tree planting is also needed in park areas as in Clause 5.3.4.

5.6.1.   Recommendation

That Waitakere City Council and the Auckland Regional Council assist in the provision of native trees and shrubs (preferably local stock) for community planting in agreed areas of the reserve.

5.7.           Weed Control

5.7.1   Road Verges

The responsibility for recognising infestations of Class B noxious plants and carrying out control work lies with the occupiers of land and extends out to the centre line of public roadways.

Council policy strictly limits the use of herbicide sprays, and as far as possible verge mowing is used to control unwanted growth on road verges. If any spraying is considered necessary as the only viable alternative for weed control on road verges, it must be carried out under controlled conditions, only in areas where essential and with prior community consultation and community supervision. Where possible a suitable companion planting campaign be introduced to curb the re-growth of kikuya and similar weeds.

5.7.2   Recommendation

That Council only carry out road verge spraying where considered essential as the only viable weed control alternative. That it be carried out with prior community consultation and with community supervision. That companion planting to curb the re-growth of kikuya be investigated and introduced.

5.7.4   Recommendation

That a programme be undertaken to control aggressive exotic plant growth in the Glade and beach areas, with community assistance available to rangers on request.

5.8.           Opossum and Other Pest Control

A more vigorous effort to control opossums and other pests e.g.; wasps, rabbits and feral cats etc is desirable. The destructive effect of these pests warrant a higher priority for eradication programmes than at present. More trapping is also needed on private land and it would be helpful if Council could assist by provision of traps on request, particularly traps that will kill the animals by a reliable humane method.

5.8.1   Recommendation

That Council continue to make opossum traps available. That Council and the Auckland Regional Council actively undertake in consultation with the community, eradication programmes at appropriate times of the year.

5.9.           Flooding of Karekare Stream

Weed growth and erosion of banks aggravates the flooding of Karekare stream and is a threat to private properties. Clearing of the stream is needed, particularly in the lower part of the valley. Waitakere City Council proposes to prepare a stormwater management plan for the Karekare area in the 1993/94 financial year.

Small culvert crossings constructed as access to private properties also contribute to raising the stream level at flood times. Bridging is preferable.

5.9.1   Recommendation

1. That Council takes appropriate action for clearing Karekare Stream to reduce flood risk.

2. That future culvert or other crossings to Karekare Stream are not of a design that will raise water levels at flood times.

5.10.       Pohutakawa Glade – Fires and Vehicles

It is not uncommon for fires or barbecues to be lit in unsuitable positions and at high risk times. An uncontrolled fire in the area could be a major disaster. Appropriate fireplaces and controls are needed.

From time to time unauthorised vehicles, particularly motorcycles enter the Glade, control measures are also needed for this.

5.10.1   Recommendation

That the Auckland Regional Council take firmer measures and provide clear unambiguous signage to control lighting of fires. That the Auckland Regional Council endorses the instalment of a gas barbecue.

5.10.2   Recommendation

That the Auckland Regional Council add signs to prevent the entry of mountain bikes.

5.11.       Dogs and Horses on the Beach

Large numbers of dogs are brought to the beach on summer weekends. Many are not under control, and resulting problems are fouling of the beach and lagoon, frightening of children, and general nuisance. Park signs require dogs to be on a leash, but there is a widespread lack of compliance.

5.11.1   Recommendation

That the community endorse the current Waitakere City Council bylaws legislation for dogs on beaches and the Surf Club’s involvement in dog control. That current conditions for riding horses on the beach as laid down by the Auckland Regional Council are strictly adhered to and monitored by the local community.

5.12.       Environmental Colours and Materials

Use of materials and colours sympathetic to the environment are desirable for buildings, driveways etc. especially where these are prominently visible from roadways, beach, and other public places. Many properties already show thoughtful treatment in this way. The community could encourage others, particularly newcomers, to appreciate the value of blending properties with the natural landscape.

5.13.        Shellfish Ban

A two year ban (from May 1992 - May 1994) on the taking of any marine life (except fin fish) has been put into place by Tangata Whenua, the Department of Conservation, Auckland Regional Council, Waitakere City Council, Waitakere Community Board and Pacific Island Advisory Board and Karekare Community who will also be involved in the monitoring of the ban.

6.    ACCESS AND PUBLIC SERVICES

6.1.           Roading

Road access in the Karekare area should remain essentially as it is, rural and park-like in character, and without major reconstruction. The roads are there to serve only a small permanent population and the recreational users of the park and coast. They are appropriate for the environment, help keep speeds down and are a factor in protecting the area from overloading.

6.1.1   Karekare Road

With the increase in traffic, particularly heavy vehicles, the ‘Cutting’ Road has become unsafe in places where the outer edge has slumped or collapsed. Work is needed to strengthen such edges, build up the shoulder to carriage way level, and provide more barrier railings. Major earthworks to widen the road would be destructive to the nature of the road and the environment. The City Council is requested to consult with the community and plan for the appropriate safety work and signage.

6.1.2   Lone Kauri Road

Completion of sealing of the road should be completed when resources permit. the work should retain the character and alignment of the road as has been the case with work already done. There are places where there is a similar outer edge problem as described in 6.1.1 and where work is needed in the interests of safety.

6.1.3   Minor Roads

Any future upgrading of the Watchman and other minor roads to improve the surface and drainage should be done in consultation with the community and should have minimum impact on the environment. The Watchman Road, in particular requires regular ongoing maintenance to cope with the heavy summer traffic, but it should not be widened so as to encourage increased traffic.

6.1.4   Recommendation

That the City Council consults with the community and plans for safety work to the Karekare and Lone Kauri roads and any upgrading of minor roads.

6.1.5   Recommendation

The majority of the local community actively seeks the completion of the sealing of Lone Kauri Road.

6.2.           Parking

At peak times of beach usage all available parking space is used and congestion occurs through cars being parked in unsuitable places or drivers trying to find a vacant space. Problems arise such as restriction of roadways to one way, and parking of cars in private driveways. The provision of more parking areas would not solve such problems, and might even compound them because peak vehicle numbers would rise to new heights. Karekare does not have the capacity to absorb more vehicles and does not have public land available and suitable for additional parking areas of any consequence. As stated earlier in this report there are good environmental reasons why parking should not be developed in the Pohutukawa Glade or the beach areas. Reduction of the problems should be approached by controls and more improvement of existing provisions.

6.2.1   Main Carpark

It is possible that better definition of where cars should park would reduce confusion and lead to more effective use of space. Wheel barriers would provide the need control, and could also form planting positions for more pohutukawa trees to enhance the visual quality of the area. The community has people with design and landscape expertise and would wish to co-operate in making such improvements.

6.2.2   Karekare Road

Verge parking on both sides reduces the carriageway to single way. Not only is this a cause of congestion but it could prevent access for emergency vehicles. Signs and roadmarkings are needed to restrict parking to one side where the road is narrow.

6.2.3   Lower Lone Kauri Road

Verge parking should be restricted to one side only from where the road narrows up to the waterfall track or beyond so that two way traffic is maintained. The outer verge should be graded, built out, and provided with wheel barriers at the edge to increase safety and encourage parking clear of the carriageway. This work needs to be done ahead of sealing the surface. A low railing on the road edge above Pohutakawa Glade is also desirable.

6.2.4   Huia Track Entrance

A small carpark needs to be formed at this entrance as proposed in the Park Management Plan.

6.2.5   La Trobe Track

Parking at the junction with Lone Kauri Road should be improved so that cars are not encouraged to drive down.

6.2.6   Recommendation

1) That wheel barriers be provided in the main carpark to define parking positions, that provisions are made to improve safety and control of parking on Karekare and lower Lone Kauri Roads and that the community be involved in these matters.

2) That small parking areas be developed at the Huia Track entrance and at the top of La Trobe Track.

6.3.           Access to Surf Club Building

Service and emergency access to the Surf Club is essential. At present the informal access down the stream is adequate and is controlled by the Club. Bridging of the Karekare Stream and construction of a road down the north bank is undesirable both for environmental reasons and because of the increased exposure of the club facilities to vandalism. If future changes to the stream make access difficult, consultations between the Club, the community and ARA will be needed to consider alternatives.

6.4.           Powerlines

Overhead cables across the main carpark and also the transformer pole are unsightly in this very public area. The cables will also be a problem for growing trees. Putting the cables underground should be considered in future planning.

On the bush back stretch of Lone Kauri Road from the beach up to the farm there is periodic cutting back of trees required to keep growth clear of powerlines.

6.5.           Drainage and Water Supply

The nature of private development and its low density do not warrant any public draining or water supply services. Provision of such services would be costly and would run counter to conservation in the area because they would bring pressures for higher densities and commercial development.

While any excessive pollution of streams caused by septic tanks will need attention, these will be individual situations rather than an overall problem. Where there are clusters of small residential lots close to streams there is some risk of pollution, but in general the land available for effluent treatment in relation to total population is more than adequate.

6.5.1   Recommendation

That the community continue working with the Council to find both short and long term environmentally appropriate solutions for water quality management.

6.6.           Camping Grounds

The ARC camping ground at McCready Paddock has accommodation space for about 30 persons and has minimal facilities (toilets but no portable water supply). It is used mostly by school and youth groups, and this is appropriate for the area. In the event that at some future time it is seen that more camping area is desirable it should be provided by an extension of the present site, not by use of land elsewhere such as the Pohutakawa Glade. Present policy of minimum facilities should be continued.

Motor camps or caravan parks, whether on public or private land would conflict seriously with the community values stated in this report and they should not be permitted under any circumstances.

6.6.1   Recommendation

Camping should continue to be restricted to the controlled minimum facilities at McCready Paddock and future additional camping should only be by extension of the present site.

6.7.           Tracks

Maintenance of park tracks around Karekare is of minimum standard and some additional attention is desirable. In general, however, the tracks are adequate for the type of use, and upgrading is not needed. An exception is the track from Watchman Road saddle down to Union Bay. This track is subject to much use and the sandy soil is easily eroded. Reconstruction with erosion control steps is desirable.

6.7.1   Recommendation

That the track from Watchman Road saddle down to Union Bay is reconstructed with erosion control steps.

7.    COMMUNITY AMENITIES

7.1.           Existing Amenities

A number of amenities are now established at Karekare:

a) The Surf Lifesaving Club, with its substantial clubhouse and long standing association with the community as well as its invaluable service to beach users. A report by the Club is included in Appendix 1.

b) The Lone Kauri School - at present a single teacher side school to Oratia Primary:

The school is an important focus for families and has maintained a variable but strong roll through the years.

c) Fire Party - well equipped with fire engine and fire station based on Lone Kauri Road. The voluntary fire party provides a first defence to control or extinguish an initial fire to prevent a major conflagration.

In addition to their prime functions these amenities also provide venues for meetings and social functions. A community centre or hall is not warranted and no planning provision is needed.

Playground facilities are available at the school and could be expanded if the need arises. The beach area is a natural playground and formal play equipment is not needed or desirable there.

A shop is not wanted and would not be economic for the small population or the variable patronage of visitors. The caravan shop operated under a hawkers licence is seen by the community as inappropriate and at variance with the requirements of the District Scheme and the ARC Parks Management Plan. The community has recommended to Council that it is discontinued.

7.2.           Reserves

There are several small Waitakere City reserves in the area. These are generally steep or otherwise not suitable for development and are best left in regenerating bush. The three reserves in loops of the Lone Kauri Road have environmental value and should not be used as fill areas for roading or other works. No work is called for in any of the reserves in the foreseeable future, but if any proposal does arise there should be consultation with the community before a commitment is made. There should be no unnecessary clearing of bush on reserves or road verges.

7.2.1   Recommendation

That no development or bush clearing be undertaken on any city reserves in the Karekare area without prior consultation with the community.

7.3.           Paper Roads

Unformed roads within or on the boundaries of parkland and which are not required for access to private property should be transferred to the Auckland Centennial Memorial Park. This would enable the Authority to control use by trail bikes or other activities that are not appropriate for the environment.

7.3.1   Recommendation

That unformed roads not required for access to private property be transferred to the Auckland Centennial Memorial Park.

7.4.            Land Acquisition for Park

Buildings on private land visible from the beach areas are an intrusion on the landscape. While it may not be practical to reverse existing development it is desirable to limit further intrusion into the visible natural landscape. To this end it is desirable that the ARA endeavours to acquire land for park extension around the beach area whenever it comes up for sale.

7.4.1   Recommendation

That the ARA endeavours to acquire land visible from the beach for extension of the park whenever it is offered for sale.

8.    LAND USE

8.1.           Existing Land Use

The present land uses in Karekare as provided for in the Waitakere City District Scheme zonings are, in genera, endorsed by the community. There is strong objection to any commercial development in the area. The Non-Urban Residential 2 zone which applied to Karekare Valley does, however, make provision for shops as a Conditional use. Shops are not needed for either the resident population or recreational users and they would generate litter and other problems. Mobile vendors and hawkers are inappropriate and are at variance with the District Scheme and the ARC Parks Management Plan for the Karekare area.

8.1.1   Recommendation

That shops be deleted as a Conditional use from the Non-urban zoning applied to

Karekare and that there be no further licences issued to mobile vendors for the

Karekare area.

8.2.           Scheme Compliance

There is a substantial concern about lack of compliance with the environmental planning objective, policies and guideline set out in Section 11 of the District Scheme for Landscape Protection and Non-Urban Residential areas. The guidelines are descriptive in nature and their application is at the discretion of Council. This means that it is difficult to ensure that they receive due regard in planning for building and other private property development. It is clear, however, that many people would oppose a Scheme Change which would make such guidelines mandatory. It would also be very difficult for Council to formulate and implement provisions that would not unreasonably restrict individual choice.

While it may be that Council could do more to achieve its aim that development is in harmony with the natural environment, greater benefit will come from increased awareness and response from within the community and by individual property owners.

8.3.           Threat of unsuitable developments

Unsuitable development and land use can arise from approval of applications for specified departures from the District Scheme. Particular danger could arise from the tourist industry or developers of recreational facilities seeking to exploit natural resources in the area. There are those that see natural landscape and coastline as resource that can be exploited for commercial gain regardless of the damage that the development does to those very resources.

It is most important for the community and individuals to be vigilant and to object to applications for unsuitable schemes and land uses.

8.4.           Harmful Developments

The greatest protection against harmful developments in Karekare and the Waitakere Ranges generally would come within the adopting of a concept such as the National Heritage Area suggested by the Maruia Society and described in Section 5.4 of the report. The needs of special natural landscape areas are not met by ordinary local government and planning legislation.

9.    COMMUNITY BOOKLET

9.1.           Purpose of Booklet

In the workshop discussions the idea of a community booklet was promoted in order to provide information, advice and encouragement for residents and ratepayers in those aspect of planning where the community can best help itself rather than call on the local authority for work or regulations. It was a cause for concern that in the past there has been lack or compliance with landscape protection policies and guidelines in the District Scheme, but it was agreed that improvement was not a matter for more regulation and enforcement, but one for community conscience and involvement.

The principle concerns of the booklet are environmental protection and improvement in relation to development of private properties. It is aimed both at existing properties and at new construction and site works. Special emphasis is placed on native trees planting to enhance and reinforce the natural landscape.

9.1.1   Recommendation

That a booklet of information and guidelines related to development and planting or private properties be prepared and made available to all residents and ratepayers.

10.           OBJECTIVES AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THE REPORT

1.2.1   Objective

To provide management planning and guidance for the Karekare area within an overall objective of conservation of the natural landscape.

2.3.1   Recommendation

That the city initiates action towards establishment or reserve status for marine accretion land on the Karekare/Whatipu coastline.

3.1.7   Recommendation

That all planning for Karekare area has as its base the protection, conservation and enhancement of the natural environment.

3.7.2   Recommendation

That the City and Regional Council consult with the community when planning any significant development in the area.

4.2.5   Recommendation

No action be taken to identify Maori occupation sits or improve access to them without consultation with Maori interests and the community.

5.1.7   Recommendation

That Waitakere City opposes all consideration of the Waitakere Ranges coastline as an outfall site for the Auckland Area Sewerage Scheme.

5.2.2   Recommendation

That the City Council be supported by the Karekare Community in its ongoing comprehensive water testing survey to determine levels and source of pollution in stream and the lagoon and to identify methods to prevent pollution.

5.2.3   Recommendation

That the City Council considers rating relief for amalgamation of titles of small residential lots for the purpose of improving septic tank effluent disposal.

5.2.4   Recommendation

That farmland property owners exercise caution and restraint in use of agricultural chemicals.

5.3.3   Recommendation

That there be no development or vehicle access or parking in the Pohutukawa Glade or Karekare beach areas.

5.3.5   Recommendation

That planting of appropriate native trees and shrubs be undertaken in areas where natural generation is inhibited by exotic grasses and other weeds.

5.4.1.   Recommendation

That further information be obtained on development of the Maruia Society concept of National Heritage Areas for Protection of areas such as the Waitakere Ranges.

5.5.1   Recommendation

That the long term instability of the beach and Pohutukawa Glade are be taken into account when considering any development works.

5.6.1   Recommendation

That Council assists by providing well grown native tree specimens for community planting projects.

5.7.2   Recommendation

That where no other suitable alternative is available, Council only carry out chemical road verge spraying where essential that it be carried out with prior community consultation and with community supervision.

5.7.3   Glade and Beach Areas

There is serious concern at the spread of aggressive exotic plants, (pampas, boxthorn, blackberry and wattle), in the Glade and its associated area, and elsewhere where the beach has become stabilised by vegetation. A programme of control and eradication is needed, and community assistance could be made available to rangers.

5.7.4   Recommendation

That a programme be undertaken to control aggressive exotic plant growth in the beach areas, with community assistance available to rangers on request.

5.8.1   Recommendation

That Council make opossum traps available on request and consult with the community on the most suitable type of trap.

5.9.1   Recommendation

1. That Council be supported in its proposed appropriate action for clearing Karekare Stream to reduce flood risk.

2. That future culvert or other crossings to Karekare Stream are not of a design that will raise water levels at flood times.

5.10.1   Recommendation

That the Auckland Regional Council take firmer measures and provide clear unambiguous signage to control lighting of fires. That the Auckland Regional Council endorses the instalment of a gas barbecue.

5.10.2   Recommendation

That the Auckland Regional Council add signs to prevent the entry of mountain bikes.

5.11.1   Recommendation

That the community endorse the current Waitakere City Council bylaws legislation for dogs on beaches and the Surf Club’s involvement in dog control. That current conditions for riding horses on the beach as laid down by the Auckland Regional Council are strictly adhered strictly to and monitored by the local community.

6.1.4   Recommendation

That the City Council consults with the community and plans for safety work to the Karekare and Lone Kauri roads and any upgrading of minor roads.

6.1.5   Recommendation

The majority of the local community actively seeks the completion of the sealing of Lone Kauri Road.

6.3.6   Recommendation

1) That wheel barriers be provided in the main carpark to define parking positions, that provision are made to improve safety and control of parking on Karekare and lower Lone Kauri Roads and that the community be involved in these matters.

2) That small parking areas be developed at the Huia Track entrance and at the top of La Trobe Track.

6.6.1   Recommendation

That the community continues to meet with Council to find short and long term environmentally appropriate solutions for water quality management.

6.7.1   Recommendation

Camping should continue to be restricted to the controlled minimum facilities at McCready Paddock and future additional camping should only be by extension of the present site.

6.8.1   Recommendation

That the track from Watchman Road saddle down to Union Bay is reconstructed with erosion control steps.

7.2.1   Recommendation

That no development or bush clearing be undertaken on any city reserves in the Karekare area without prior consultation with the community.

7.3.1   Recommendation

That unformed roads not required for access to private property be transferred to the Auckland Centennial Memorial Park.

7.4.1   Recommendation

That the ARA endeavours to acquire land visible from the beach for extension of the park whenever it is offered for sale.

8.1.1   Recommendation

That shops be deleted as a Conditional Use form the Non-Urban zoning applied to

Karekare, and that there be no further licences issued to mobile vendors for the

Karekare area.

9.1.1   Recommendation

That a booklet of information and guidelines related to development and planting of private properties be prepared and made available to all residents and ratepayers.

RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE CITY COUNCIL

The following recommendations are made to the City Council:

2.3.1
3.1.1
3.1.2
5.1.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.6.1
5.7.2
5.7.3
5.8.1
5.9.1
5.1.3
6.1.1
6.1.2
6.1.3
6.1.5
6.3.6
6.6.1
7.2.1
7.3.1
8.1.1
9.1.1

Recommendations 6.1 .4 and 6.1 .5 propose works that relate to the sealing of the lower Lone Kauri Road and should receive the appropriate priority.

Recommendation 5.1 .1 concerning the Auckland Area Sewerage Scheme is of prime importance.

RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE AUCKLAND REGIONAL COUNCIL

The following recommendations are made to the ARC or are of concern to the Regional Council:

3.1.1
3.1.2
4.2.5
5.1.1
5.3.3
5.5.1
5.7.4
5.10.1
5.11.1
6.8.1
6.9.1
7.3.1
7.4.1

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COMMUNITY ACTION

3.1.1
3.1.2
4.2.5
5.2.4
5.4.1
5.6.1
5.7.4
5.8.1
5.9.2
6.3.6
7.2.1
9.1.1

11.           POSTSCRIPT

11.1.       City Amalgamation

The Karekare Community Management Plan was promoted by the Waitakere City Council. Amalgamation took place in 1 987. All recommendations are made to the new Waitakere City Council. The Community Management Plan has been submitted to the Waitakere Ward Community Board for its guidance in planning for the Karekare area.

11.2.       Regional Council

The recommendations previously made to the Auckland Regional Authority relating to the Auckland Centennial Memorial Park areas at Karekare have been similarly made to the new Auckland Regional Council.

Mangement plan contents
Introduction
2002 Update of plan
Commentary to Karekare Management Plan Update 2002
Foundation Management Plan 1988 (above)